RCC Sheet 40

Total pressure on the vertical face of a retaining wall of height h per unit run exerted by the retained earth weighing $\omega$ per unit volume, is

If $p_1$ is the vertical intensity of pressure at a depth h on a block of earth weighing $\omega$ per unit volume and the angle of repose $\varphi$, the lateral intensity of pressure $p_2$ is

If $p_1$ and $p_2$ are mutually perpendicular principal stresses acting on a soil mass, the normal stress on any plane inclined at angle ${\theta }^o$ to the principal plane carrying the principal stress $p_1$, is:

The angle of internal friction of soil mass is the angle whose

If At is the gross area of steel in tension, d is the effective depth of the beam and $\stackrel{-}{y}$ is the depth of the centre of gravity of the resultant compression, the moment of resistance M of the beam, is given by

The angle of repose of a soil is the maximum angle which the outer face of the soil mass makes

The design of a retaining wall assumes that the retained earth

A raft foundation is provided if its area exceeds the plan area of the building by

In testing a pile by load test, pile platform is loaded with one and half times the design load and a maximum settlement is noted. The load is gradually removed and the con-sequent rebound is measured. For a safe pile, the net settlement(i.e. total settlement minus rebound) per tonne of test load should not exceed

A pile weighing $W_1$ kg penetrates S metres with its last blow. If $W_2$ is the weight of the hammer having a drop of H metres, the pile can carry a maximum external load