If $a_{e r}$ = distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar, $C_{m i n}$ = minimum cover to the longitudinal bar, $C_{m i n}$ =minimum cover to the longitudinal bar, $σ_{μ}$ =average steel strain at the level considered, h= overall depth of the member and x = depth of the neutral axis in case of reinforced simply supp

- 1
  
  $\frac{3 a_{c r} ε_{m}}{1 + \frac{2 (a_{c r} - C_{m i n})}{h - r}}$
- 2
  
  $\frac{3 C_{r} ε_{m}}{1 + \frac{2 (a_{c r} - C_{m i n})}{h + r}}$
- 3
  
  $\frac{2 a_{c r} ε_{m}}{1 + \frac{2 (a_{c r} - C_{m i n})}{h - r}}$
- 4
  
  $\frac{2 a_{c r} ε_{m}}{1 + \frac{2 (a_{c r} - C_{m i n})}{h + r}}$

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