If bending moment is M, shear force is F effective depth is d, lever arm is $l_{a}$ area of reinforcement is $A_{s}$ and sum of the circumferences of main reinforcement is O, the bond stress beased on working stress methods, is

- 1
  
  $\frac{F}{l_{a} O}$
- 2
  
  $\frac{M}{l_{a} A_{s}}$
- 3
  
  $\frac{M}{d O}$
- 4
  
  $\frac{F}{A_{a} . d}$

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